Virtual University of Pakistan| Virtual Gurus| Vu Gurus

Date sheet of Rawalpindi board will update on 18th of February 2012

2012-02-14T11:20:00.000-08:00

Every body is worried that when will be the datesheet of the Rawalpindi board announce that no body confirms. So we got the resources who will update this date sheet you may find the link below.

Download datesheet of 10th class rawalpindi board 2012 for annual exam 2011

Email moderation engine project virtual university some mistakes

2012-02-14T11:13:00.000-08:00

Students of Virtual University of Pakistan should know the major functionality of the Email moderation engine project. Which viva is going to be start from 21st of the February 2012. That if the Sms function is not working it will not be accepted. So for this they should work on this and which language is best for it. That we know is the Php and mysql. So they should start work on it.

Email Moderation Engine project for sale

RS 1500 prize bond draw result list 15 February 2012

2012-02-14T11:09:00.000-08:00

The prize bond list for which every one is waiting is going to be held on 15th of Feb, 2012 but the actual list appears on 16th of Feb, 2012 so the resources of this said people should wait until this list has been appear.

RS 1500 prize bond draw result list 15 February 2012 HELD AT MULTAN

CS201 introduction to programming final term paper February 2012 Virtual university of Pakistan

2012-02-11T05:17:00.000-08:00

CS201 introduction to programming final term paper February 2012 Virtual university of Pakistan

Long Question

Q1: Given is the code for a class named Coordinate.(10)

class Coordinate
{

private:

int X, Y;

public:

Coordinate()
{
X = 0;
Y = 0;
}

class Coordinate
{
friend void Displaycord();
private:

int X, Y;

public:

Coordinate()
{
X = 0;
Y = 0;
}

};

Q2: Write a program that defines a Template function named Square () which finds the square of a number and then return it. Define one variable of type int in main function and then call Square function on that. (10)

Program output should look like this:

Enter an integer value to find its Square: 6
Square of integer number is: 36

Q3: Why is it necessary to initialize a static object as the time of creation and how it is initialized ?(5)

Q4:Transform the following If-else statement into switch statement.(5)

if (x == 5)
...
else if (x == 10 || x == 11)
...
else if (x == 8)
...
else if (x == 9)
...
else
...

Q5:Read the given code and explain code functionality. (3)

Matrix :: Matrix ( const Matrix & m )
{
numRows = m.numRows ;
numCols = m.numCols ;
elements = new ( double * ) [ numRows ] ;
for ( int i = 0 ; i < numRows ; i ++ )
{
elements [ i ] = new double [ numCols ] ;
for ( int j = 0 ; j < numCols ; j ++ )
elements [ i ] [ j ] = m.elements [ i ] [ j ] ;
}
}

Hint : This function belong to a matrix class, having
Number of Rows = numRows
Number of Columns = numCols

Q6: In the following code;(3)

#include
#include
main() {

double j;

getche();

}

Is double j; an example of global variable or local variable ? Why ?

Q7: Identify and correct the error in the given code segment.(3)
main()
{
int val = 30;
int &ref = val;

&ref = &ref++;

}

Q8: Determine the output of the given program code.(2)

for (int I = 1; i<5; i++){
if ( I == 3)
continue;
cout I endl ;
}

Q9: What is the output of following code snippet.(2)

// class templates
#include
using namespace std;

template
class mypair {
T a, b;
public:
mypair (T first, T second)
{a=first; b=second;}
T getmax ();
};

template
T mypair::getmax ()
{
T retval;
retval = a>b? a : b;
return retval;
}
int main () {
mypair myobject (100, 75);
cout myobject.getmax();
system("pause");
}

Q10: How can we declare and initialize static data member of a class?(2)

Q11: When memory is allocated dynamically using new operator within the constructor of class then what is an appropriate place to de-allocate the memory?(2)

Q11: Write down the output of the following code segment? (2)

int x[10] = {0,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9};
int *xptr;
xptr = &x[5];
cout *(xptr++) + 1;

MCQ
Sequence of event(s) when allocating memory using new operator is ____________.

Assignment operator is ________ associative

To avoid dangling reference, always return _________.
Which value is returned by the destructor of a class?
The functions used for dynamic memory allocation return pointer of type ______.
The function free() returns back the allocated memory got through calloc and malloc to _____ .
At the time of linking, library functions are available in the ________form.
Which of the following is NOT a preprocessor directive?
When we define an array of objects then ___________.
A constructor will create a new object with a full copy of the other object, this type of copy is known as ___________.
When an object of a class is defined inside another class then ______________.
Every stream has _________.
_________in the following options is not a method of output stream.
To perform manipulation with input/output, we have to include ________ header file
A class whose object is contained as const object, must have ____________.
By using objects as class members, _________ is achieved
The operator function will be implemented as _____, if both objects (obj1, obj2) are passed as arguments to - operator in the statement given below.
obj3 = obj1 - obj2;

ANSI stands for _________.
A template function must have at least _______________ generic data type.

Which of the following is true about operator overloading?
1-The operator works with only objects of the class in which it is overloaded.
2-The operator works with objects and primitive data types regardless of parameters.
3-The operator works with both objects and primitive data types depending on parameters.
4-The operator must have a constant and an object as parameters.
Operator overloading can be performed through__________________.
The pointer returned by the new operator points to ___________ of memory chunks allocated by the new operator.

The return type of the operator function for operator is __________.

What will be the output of following statement?

cout setfill(‘0’) setw(7) 128 ;

The operator used for casting in C is standard ________ operator.

Consider the following code segment.

struct intorDouble
{
Int ival;
Double charvar;
};

main()
{
intorDouble VAZ;
int size ;
size = sizeof(VAZ);
}

What will be the value of variable size if integer occupies 4 bytes and double occupies 8 bytes?

The file-open mode __________ is used to open a file for output and move to the end of the file.

In the statement int &x = y; compiler ______.
Which header file must be included to use the functions tolower() and toupper()?
Which one of the following functions is included in stdlib.h header file?
For one byte, there are _____ combinations of values which can be stored in computer.
Which of the following statement is best regarding declaration of friend function?
Answer- It can be declared anywhere in class as these are not affected by the public and private keywords.
The operator used for dereferencing the elements of an array using a pointer is _________.
The __________ statement forces the immediate next iteration of the loop.
A function is a block of statements (code) that can be __________.
Which of the following values are used in C/C++ to represent true and false?
Ans- 1 and 0
The dynamic memory allocation uses memory from the ____________.
In C/C++, null character is represented as ________________.

Latest cs101 final term paper February 2012 Virtual university of pakistan

2012-02-11T05:16:00.000-08:00

Q:A term “Database” is widely used in computer world. Describe what does this term refer to? Q:Describe the applicability of Ockham's razor principle in the field of computing.

Q:Elaborate the concept of telepresence in the context of computing and write the main benefit of using it.

Q:Spreadsheet software can perform many jobs for a user. Write down any two jobs, a spreadsheet software is specifically designed to perform.

Q:There are many aspects to be considered in order to develop a good and well balanced presentation. Does proper color usage matter while developing a good presentation? Discuss with reason.

Q:Describe types of some virues?

Q:in html heading can be bold or strong?is it possible we can heading formatting?

Q:describe program develop methodology?

cs101 final term paper February 2012 Virtual university of pakistan

2012-02-11T05:11:00.000-08:00

cs101 Introduction to programming final term paper February 2012 Virtual university of Pakistan

40 mcqs and total questions was 52 mcqs were easy but big questions were not from past papers.

= data integrity (5 marks) (page no 253 on handout, students question was not about enshuring data integrity that was about data integrity)

=(x+y)XOR z' create truth table (5 marks)

= write 4 properties of image object, 2 events and one method (5 marks)

= guidlines about presentation layout (5 marks)

= write code to print "Virtual University", a variable was initialize with value "virtual university of pakistan" (3 marks)

baki sara easy questions thay aor yaad nai itna e yad hain.

past papers k long questions na yad karain ppt slides ko parh kar concepts clear kar lain

CS601 Data Communication final term current paper fall February 2011-2012 virtual university of Pakistan

2012-02-03T04:50:00.000-08:00

CS601 Data Communication final term current paper fall February 2011-2012 virtual university of Pakistan

What is the formula to calculate the number of redundancy bits required to correct a bit error in a given number of data bits? [2]

Messages(frames) consist of m data (message) bits, yielding an n=(m+r)-bit codeword.

Question No: 52 ( Marks: 2 )

What is R G rating of coaxial cable?

Different coaxial cable designs are categorized by their Radio government (

RG ) ratings

Each cable defined by RG rating is adapted for a specialized function:

RG-8

Used in Thick Ethernet

RG-9

Used in Thick Ethernet

RG-11

Used in Thick Ethernet

RG-58

Used in Thin Ethernet

RG-59

Used for TV

Question No: 53 ( Marks: 2 )

What are the advantages of thin ethernet?

The advantages of thin Ethernet are :

reduced cost and
ease of installation

Because the cable is lighter weight and more flexible than that used in Thicknet

Question No: 54 ( Marks: 3 )

What is the difference between a unicast, multicast, and broadcast address? [3]

Three methods can be used to transmit packets over a network: unicast, multicast, and broadcast.

Unicast involves communication between a single sender and a single receiver. This is a type of point-to-point transmission; since the packet is transmitted to one destination at a time.

Multicast is used to send packets to a group of addresses, represented by a "group address." In this case, packets are transmitted from a single sender to multiple receivers. Since the same data packet can be sent to multiple nodes by sending just one copy of the data, the load of the sender and the overall load of the network are both reduced.

Broadcast involves sending packets to all nodes on a network simultaneously. This type of transmission is used to establish communication with another host, and for DHCP type methods of assigning IP addresses.

Question No: 55 ( Marks: 3 )

T lines are designed for Digital data how they can be used for Analog Transmission ?

T Lines are digital lines designed for digital data however; they can also be used for analog transmission (Telephone connections). Analog signals are first sampled and the Time Multiplexed.

Question No: 56 ( Marks: 3 )

What are the three types of Guided Media?

Guided Media, are those media that provide a conduit from one device to another. Three types are

Twisted pair cable
Coaxial cable
Fiber-optic Cable

Question No: 57 ( Marks: 5 )

Why do we need Inverse Multiplexing? [5]

Data & Video can be broken into smaller portions using Inverse Multiplexing and TX. An inverse multiplexer (often abbreviated to "inverse mux" or "imux") allows a data stream to be broken into multiple lower data rate communication links. An inverse multiplexer differs from a demultiplexer in that each of the low rate links coming from it is related to the others and they all work together to carry their respective parts of the same higher rate data stream. By contrast, the output streams from a demultiplexer may be completely independent from each other and the demultiplexer does not have to understand them in any way.

This is the opposite of a multiplexer which creates one high speed link from multiple low speed ones.

It can lease a 1.544 Mbps line from a common carrier and only use it fully for

sometime

Or it can lease several separate channels of lower data rates

Voice can be sent over any of these channels

Question No: 58 ( Marks: 5 )

Describe method of checksum briefly?

The sender subdivides data units into equal segments of ‘n’ bits(16 bits).These segments are added together using one’s complement. The total (sum) is then complemented and appended to the end of the original data unit as redundancy bits called CHECKSUM. The extended data unit is transmitted across the network. The receiver subdivides data unit as above and adds all segments together and complement the result. If the intended data unit is intact, total value found by adding the data segments and the checksum field should be zero. If the result is not zero, the packet contains an error & the receiver rejects it

Question No: 59 ( Marks: 10 )

Explain Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing in detail? Also discuss its advantages over synchronous TDM?

Asynchronous time-division multiplexing (ATDM) is a method of sending information that resembles normal TDM, except that time slots are allocated as needed dynamically rather than preassigned to specific transmitters. ATDM is more intelligent and has better bandwidth efficiency than TDM.

Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a type of digital or (rarely) analog multiplexing in which two or more signals or bit streams are transferred apparently simultaneously as sub-channels in one communication channel, but are physically taking turns on the channel. The time domain is divided into several recurrent timeslots of fixed length, one for each sub-channel. A sample byte or data block of sub-channel 1 is transmitted during timeslot 1, sub-channel 2 during timeslot 2, etc. One TDM frame consists of one timeslot per sub-channel. After the last sub-channel the cycle starts all over again with a new frame, starting with the second sample, byte or data block from sub-channel 1, etc.

asynchronous time-division multiplexing comprising receive circuits (CRl/i) supplying cells received via input links, transmit circuits (CTl/j) transmitting retransmitted cells on output links, a buffer memory (MT) storing the received cells and delivering the cells to be retransmitted and a buffer memory addressing device (SMT) including a write address source (SAE) and a read address source (fsl/j).

The switching unit further comprises a write disabling circuit (pi) conditioned by a signal (adl) derived from the content of at least one received cell or a signal (tle) derived from the absence of any received cell and supplying a disabling signal (spi) and the address source includes a disabling device (pac, pal) influenced by the disabling signal (spi) so that no memory location is then occupied in the buffer memory (MT).

Advantages asynchronous TDM:

In asynchronous TDM, the timeslots are not fixed. They are assigned dynamically as needed.

In order to reduce the communications costs in time-sharing systems and multicomputer communication systems, multiplexing techniques have been introduced to increase channel utilization. A commonly used technique is Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing (STDM). In Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing, for example, consider the transmission of messages from terminals to computer, each terminal is assigned a fixed time duration. After one user's time duration has elapsed, the channel is switched to another user. With synchronous operation, buffering is limited to one character per user line, and addressing is usually not required. The STDM technique, however, has certain disadvantages. As shown in Figure 1, it is inefficient in capacity and cost to permanently assign a segment of bandwidth that is utilized only for a portion of the time. A more flexible system that efficiently uses the transmission facility on an "instantaneous time-shared" basis could be used instead. The objective would be to switch from one user to another user whenever the one user is idle, and to asynchronously time multiplex the data. With such an arrangement, each user would be granted access to the channel only when he has a message to transmit. This is known as an Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing System (ATDM). A segment of a typical ATDM data stream is shown in Figure 2. The crucial attributes of such a multiplexing technique are:

1. An address is required for each transmitted message, and

2. Buffering is required to handle the random message arrivals.

CS507 INFORMATION SYSTEM final term current pape 2011-2012

2012-02-03T04:09:00.000-08:00

Paper 1
FINALTERM EXAMINATION Spring 2010
CS507- Information Systems (Session - 3)
Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Medium Sized organizations are normally a family ownership run by
► Father & Sons
► Brothers
► Father-Son and Brothers
► None of the given
Ref:Pg# 7
Medium Sized organizations are normally a family ownership run by
brothers, father-son.
Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Small organizations usually have complex management structure.
► True
►False
Ref;Pg#17
Small Organizations
Small organizations usually have simple management structure.
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following functions provide such data as sales prospect and contact
information, product information, product configurations and sales quotes?
► Sales force automation (SFA)
► CRM
► ERP
► MIS

Final term Subjective
CS507 INFORMATION SYSTEM
By ADNAN AWAN
Question No: 1 (Marks: 2)
Define the following:
Answer
a) Ethics
Ethics are moral choice made by individual in relation to the rest of the community, rules
of governing members and standards of acceptable behavior.
b) Code of ethics
Code of ethics is collection of rules as guide for the members of the organization.
Question No: 2 ( Marks: 2 )
What are the basic components of DSS?
Answer
There are two major components
DSS data base
DDS is a collection of current and historical data from internal external sources. It can be
a massive data warehouse.
Decision Support Software system
Decision support software system is the set of software tools used for data analysis.
Question No: 3 ( Marks: 3 )
What are the challenges to organizations for launching Ecommerce? Identify any
three.
Answer
Security is the biggest challenge to for launching Ecommerce There is a consensus that
the issue of computer and data security is the biggest hurdle in the growth of ecommerce.
Web servers also face this security threat.
Some other problems with launching e-commerce business is lack of trust of customers,
culture and languages problems. Lengthy procedure of payment and receipt of products
or services.
Question No: 4 ( Marks: 2 )
Define threat and identify its types.
Answer:
Threat
A threat is some action or event that can lead to a loss.”
Types of Threats
There are 2 types of threats.
1-Physical threat
2-Logical Threat
Question No: 5 ( Marks: 2 )
How threats are identified?
Answer
Threats can be identified on the basis of nature of Threat which can either be accidentalnatural
occurrences/force major, or deliberate-intentional act of harm or on the basis of
sources of threat which can either be internal-threat caused within the organization or
external-threat from some one outside the organization.
Question No: 6( Marks: 3 )
Define Active attacks?
Answer
Active Attacks
Once enough network information has been gathered, the intruder will launch an actual
attack against a targeted system to either gain complete control over that system or
enough control to cause certain threats to be realized. This may include obtaining
unauthorized access to modify data or programs, causing a denial of service, escalating
privileges, accessing other systems. They affect the integrity, availability and
authentication attributes of network security.
Question No: 7 ( Marks: 3 )
Designing file or database is a major component of system designing. Identify its
basic purposes.
Answer
Designing file or database has the following purposes.
1. Data convenience is ensured to the user as and when it is required.
2. Data updates in master file will mechanically keep posted the data in the whole system.
3. Data is professionally processed & stored.
4. Data reliability that is Correctness of data is ensured.
Question No: 8 (Marks: 3)
What is the responsibility of the management of the organization to ensure the
security of information systems?
Answer
Executive or senior management take the responsibility to provide safe and secure
information system environment to their employees and user of information system. Due
to it employees will feel no harm or fear and can easily do the work with secure
information system of an organization.
Question No: 9 (Marks: 3)
Discuss various steps in threat identification? Give any example of threat sources
and threat actions.
Answer
Following are steps in threat identification.
• Threat source identification
• Motivation and threat actions
For example a hacker can hack a system and can delete or get any personal data or
information.
Question No 10 ( Marks: 5 )
Can you classify E-Commerce into different classes? Identify any five.
Answer
E-Commerce classify into following classes:
1. E-Commerce models can be classified as
2. Business to Business (B2B),
3. Business to Consumer (B2C)
4. Consumer to Consumer (C2C)
5. Business to Employee (B2E),
6. E-Government
Question No: 11 (Marks: 5)
How Audit trails are technical mechanism that helps managers to maintain
individual accountability?
Answer
In Audit trails are technical mechanism Users are recognized by the record being retain.
Users are informed of what the password allows them to do and why it should be kept
secure and confidential. Audit trails also help to give alternative from normal behavior
which can guide to illegal usage of resources.
Audit trails can be used together with access controls to identify and provide information
about users alleged of inappropriate modification of data.
Question No:12 ( Marks: 2 )
What are the physical threats to the information systems?
Answer:
This refers to the damage caused to the physical infrastructure of the information
systems. Examples are natural disasters (Fire, earth quake, flood), pollution, energy
variations and physical Intrusion.
Question No: 13 (Marks: 2)
What is cryptography?
Answer:
Cryptography
In literal terms, cryptography means science of coded writing. It is a security safeguard to
render information unintelligible if unauthorized individuals intercept the transmission.
When the information is to be used, it can be decoded. “The conversion of data into a
secret code for the secure transmission over a public network is called cryptography.”
Question No:14 ( Marks: 3 )
Information system security association of USA has listed many ethical challenges,
identify any three of them?
Answer:
1. Misrepresentation of certifications, skills
2. Abuse of privileges
3. Inappropriate monitoring
Question No:15 ( Marks: 5 )
What do you think what are the key benefits of Ecommerce to organizations?
Answer:
Advantages of E-Commerce to the Online Business
•E-Commerce helps to Increase the sales revenue to the business
• Business people can spend less money and earn high profits with e-commerce
• Easily we can track the segment of customers who are happy with purchasing goods
through online
• Instantaneous global sales presence in quick time
• We can operate the business in 24 *7 basis
• Easily we can increase our business customers
• We set up shop anywhere in the world, self-governing of geographical locations
• Inexpensive way to turn your Web site into a revenue center
• Reduce Customer Support costs via e-mail marketing & customary newsletters
• We can create customized mailing list
• Easily we can drive free traffic to the website
• We can easily promote our business website by using various promotional activities
such as
Search Engine Optimization, Pay Per Click Management, Email Marketing
Question No:16 ( Marks: 5 )
What do you understand by Disaster Recovery Planning?
Answer
A disaster recovery plan is a comprehensive statement of consistent actions to be taken
before, during and after a disaster. The plan should be documented and tested to ensure
the continuity of operations and availability of critical resources in the event of a disaster.
This typically details the process IT personnel will use to restore the computer systems.
Disaster recovery plans may be included in the business continuity plan or as a separate
document all together. Business continuity plan may not be comprehensively available in
a non-critical environment but Disaster Recovery Plan should be there at least to manage
and help organization to recover from disasters. A subcomponent of business continuity
plan is the IT disaster recovery plan. IS processing is one operation of many that
keep the organization not only alive but also successful, which makes it of strategic
importance.
.
Question No:17 ( Marks: 2 )
Why we need to secure information systems?
Answer
Sound security is fundamental to achieving this assurance. Furthermore, there is a need
for organizations to protect themselves against the risks inherent with the use of
information systems while simultaneously recognizing the benefits that can accrue from
having secure information systems. Thus, as dependence on information systems
increases, security is universally recognized as a pervasive
Question No:18 ( Marks: 3 )
What is access control? Give example
Answer:
Access Controls
These controls establish the interface between the would-be user of the computer system
and the computer itself. These controls monitor the initial handshaking procedure of the
user with the operating system.
For example
When a customer enters the card and the pin code in an automatic teller machine (ATM),
the access controls are exercised by the system to block unwanted or illegitimate access.
Question No:19 ( Marks: 3 )
Risk mitigation is a process that takes place after the process of risk assessment has
been completed. Discuss briefly various risk mitigation options?
Answer:
Risk assumption:
To accept the potential risk and continue operating the IT system or to
implement controls to lower the risk to an acceptable level.
Risk Avoidance:
To avoid the risk by eliminating the risk cause and e.g. forgo certain functions of the
system or shut down the system when risks are identified.
Risk Limitation:
To limit the risk by implementing controls that minimize the adverse impact
of a threat’s exercising a vulnerability e.g. use of supporting preventive and detective
controls.
Risk Planning:
To manage risk by developing a risk mitigation plant that predicts implements
and maintains controls.
Research and acknowledgement:
To lower the risk of loss by acknowledging vulnerability or flaw and researching
controls to correct the vulnerability.
Risk Transference:
To transfer the risk by using other options to compensate loss such as purchasing
insurance
Question No:20 ( Marks: 3 )
What is off-page connector?
Answer
If the flowchart becomes complex, it is better to use connector symbols to reduce the
number of flow lines. Off-Page Connector is used to connect remote flowchart portion on
different pages.
.
Question No:21 ( Marks: 3 )
What is access control? Give example
Answer
These controls establish the interface between the would-be user of the computer system
and the computer itself. These controls monitor the initial handshaking procedure of the
user with the operating system.
For example when a customer enters the card and the pin code in an automatic teller
machine (ATM), the access controls are exercised by the system to block unwanted or
illegitimate access.
Question No:22 ( Marks: 5 )
How the scanners are used as the technical control against the spread of viruses?
Answer
Scanners
They scan the operating system and application software for any virus based on the
viruses definitions they contain. Every virus has a different bit pattern. These unique bit
patterns act as an identity for the virus and are called signatures. These signatures are
available in virus definitions. Every scanner contains in it certain virus definitions which
in fact are signatures (bit patterns) for various kinds of virus.
The scanner checks or scans the operating system and other application software installed
on the hard drives. While scanning, it checks the bit patterns in all software against the bit
patterns contained in the virus definitions of the scanner. If they found similar, they are
labeled as virus.
Question No: 23 (Marks: 5)
Can you classify E-Commerce into different classes? Identify any five.
Answer
Classify E-Commerce into different classes which are:
• E-Commerce models can be classified as
• Business to Business (B2B)
• Business to Consumer (B2C)
• Consumer to Consumer (C2C)
• Business to Employee (B2E)
• E-Government
Question No 24 marks 2
What is off page connector?
Answer:
Off page connector
If the flowchart becomes complex, it is better to use connector symbols to reduce the
number of flow lines. Off-Page Connector is used to connect remote flowchart portion on
different pages.
Question No:25 ( Marks: 3 )
Define Reengineering?
Answer:
Reengineering
This is known as company transformation or business transformation. It
is the more essential form of change management, since it works for all the elements of
Processes or structures that have evolved over time.
Question No 26 marks 3
What is the data driven support system?
ANSWER
Data Driven System
Data Driven System DSS As opposed to model driven DSS, these systems use large
pools of data found in major organizational systems. They help to extract information
from the large quantities of data stored. These systems rely on Data Warehouses created
from Transaction Processing systems.• They use following techniques for data analysis•
Online analytical processing, and• Data mining Components of DSS There are two major
components• DSS data base – is a collection of current and historical data from internal
external sources. It can be a massive data warehouse.• Decision Support Software system
– is the set of software tools used for data analysis. For instance• Online analytical
processing (OLAP) tools• Data mining tools• Models
Question No 27(marks 2)
What does u know about hackers?
ANSWER
Hackers
A hacker is a person who attempts to invade the privacy of the system. In fact he attempts
to gain UN authorized entry to a computer system by circumventing the system’s access
controls. Hackers are normally skilled programmers, and have been known to crack
system passwords, with quite an ease. Initially hackers used to aim at simply copying the
desired information from the system. But now the trend has been to corrupt the desired
information.
Question No 28(marks 3)
List down the component of an ID
ANSWER
Components of IDS An IDS comprises on the following:
• Sensors those are responsible for collecting data. The data can be in the form of network
packets, log files, system call traces, etc.
• Analyzers that receive input from sensors and determines intrusive activity
• An administration console
• A user interface.
Question No 29 (marks 3):
Identify the information that is required before conducting the impact analysis
ANSWER
Impact Analysis this phase determines the adverse impact resulting from a successful
threat exercise of vulnerability. Following information is required before conducting an
impact analysis.1. System mission e.g. the process performed by IT system.2. System
and data criticality e.g. the system’s value or importance to an organization3. System and
data sensitivity the information can be obtained from existing organizational
documentation
Impact needs to be measured by defining certain levels. E.g. high medium low as
qualitative categories or quantifying the impact by using probability distribution.•
Mission Impact Analysis• Assess criticality assessment• Data criticality• Data sensitivity
The output of this phase is impact rating.
Question No 30 (Marks: 2)
What is CRM?
Answer
CRM
CRM is a business strategy that goes beyond increasing transaction volume.• Its
objectives are to increase profitability, revenue, and customer satisfaction.• To achieve
CRM, a company wide set of tools, technologies, and procedures promote the
relationship with the customer to increase sales.• Thus, CRM is primarily a strategic
business and process issue rather than a technical issue
Question No: 31 (Marks: 5)
Briefly discuss Risk Determination?
Answer:
Risk Determination:
Risk determination means that phase of analyzing how much the information assets are
Uncovered to various threats known and thus count the loss cause to the asset through
this threat. This phase relates to analysis of both physical and logical threats and
comprises of four steps.
Four steps are usually followed while analyzing the exposure.
The main reason of this step is to assess the level of risk to the IT system. The
determination of exacting threat can be spoken as a meaning of
1 The likelihood of a given threat-source’s attempting to exercise a given weakness.
2. The magnitude of the impact should a threat source successfully exercise a
susceptibility
3. The competence of planned or existing security controls for reducing or minimizing
risk.
Question No 32 (marks 5)
Identify the objective and scope of security?
Answer
The concept of security applies to all information. Security relates to the protection of
valuable assets against loss, disclosure, or damage. Valuable assets are the data or
information recorded, processed, stored, shared, transmitted, or retrieved from an
electronic medium. The data or information must be protected against harm from threats
that will lead to its loss, inaccessibility, alteration or wrongful disclosure.
Question No: 33 (Marks: 5)
Discuss Technical Limitations of Ecommerce in comparison with Non-Technical
Limitations in organizations?
Answer:
Technical Limitations of Ecommerce in comparison with Non-Technical limitation in
Organization are that more cost to use for software and technology, reliability for certain
Processes. In sufficient communications the reason is that people don’t know about it.
Software tools are not fixed and used in regular manner. People has No enough access of
internet and they have difficulty to adopt e-commerce infrastructure instead of
organizational systems
Question No: 34( Marks: 2 )
Why is a "risk matrix" necessary?
Answer:
A problem when you have a number of possible risks is to decide which ones are worthy
of further attention. The Risk Matrix is a simple tool to help prioritize risks.
Question No: 35 ( Marks: 2 )
What do you understand by OLAP?
Answer
Online Analytical Processing Decision support software that allows the user to quickly
analyze information that has been summarized into multidimensional views and
hierarchies. The term online refers to the interactive querying facility provided to the user
to minimize response time
Question No: 36 ( Marks: 2 )
Define Firewall.
Answer:
Firewall
Firewall is the primary method for keeping a computer secure from intruders. A firewall
allows or blocks traffic into and out of a private network or the user's computer.
Question No:37 ( Marks: 3 )
In accounting and finance terms, audit is a process which includes an examination
of records or financial accounts to check their accuracy, an adjustment or
correction of accounts an examined and verified account. Discuss the concept of
Audit in IS?
Answer:
An information technology (IT) audit or information systems (IS) audit is an examination
of the controls within an entity's Information technology infrastructure. IS audit focuses
more on examining the integrity of controls and ensuring whether they are properly
working. Obtained evidence evaluation can ensure whether the organization's information
systems safeguard assets, maintains data integrity, and is operating effectively and
efficiently to achieve the organization's goals or objectives.
Question No: 38 (Marks: 5)
Differentiate object from class.
Answer
An object is an instance of some class. All objects are instances of some class. Instance
also carries connotations of the class to which the object belongs. For example,
computers are the domain/Class which can be divided into following sub-classes:
1. Laptop computer
2. Desktop computer
3. Palmtop
Question No:39 (Marks 2)
Define Risk Mitigation.
Answer:
Risk Mitigation
Risk mitigation is a process that takes place after the process of risk assessment has been
completed. Systematic reduction in the extent of exposure to a risk and/or the likelihood
of its occurrence. Also called risk reduction.
Question No:40 (Marks: 2)
Identify what information is needed before conducting an Impact analysis?
Answer:
Before beginning the impact analysis, it is necessary to obtain the following necessary
Information.
1. System mission
2. System and data criticality
3. System and data sensitivity
Question No:40 (Marks 2)
What are the value sets?
Answer:
Each attribute has a Value Set (domain) i.e. defined parameters or the range in which
value of the attribute may fall.
Question No:41 ( Marks: 2 )
What do you understand by Intrusion Detection Systems?
Answer
An element to securing networks is an intrusion detection system (IDS). IDS are used in
complement to firewalls. An IDS works in conjunction with routers and firewalls by
monitoring network usage anomalies. It protects a company’s information systems
resources from external as well as internal misuse.
Question No:42 ( Marks: 3 )
What is the purpose of decision symbol in the flow chart?
Answer
The purpose of decisional symbol in flow chart are:
• The symbol is used when a choice can be made between the options available.
• Such options are mutually exclusive.
• Only one flow line should enter a decision symbol, but two or three flow lines,
one for each possible answer, should leave the decision symbol.
Question No: 43 (Marks: 2)
List down the inputs to Risk Determination phase ?
Answer
Likelihood of threat exploitation
Magnitude of impact
Adequacy of planned and current controls
Question No: 44 (Marks: 2)
What is Stand Alone Processing?
Answer
Self contained is a micro computer that is not connected to a network. Processing on this
Computer is called stand alone processing.
Question No 45 (Marks: 3)
How can we make our password secure?
Answer
Make our password secure
1: Keep secret
2: Don’t write anywhere
3: Always use the password with combination of letters, numbers, upper and lower cases
4: change password regular basis
Question No:46 ( Marks: 3 )
What are some of the things you should keep in mind when
Identifying risks?
Answer
The network attackers are getting smarter every day. Organizations and people want their
data to be protected. Businesses must operate within a similar risk management culture.
A comprehensive risk based approach starting from identifying risks may be a better
solution.
Question No: 47 (Marks: 3)
What is Data Driven Decision Support System?
Answer
Data driven DSS use large pool of data in major organizational systems. They help to
extract information from large quantities of data stored. These systems rely on Data
Warehouses created from Transaction Processing systems.
They use following techniques for data analysis
• Online analytical processing, and
• Data mining
Question No: 48 ( Marks: 3 )
Define Re-engineering?
Answer
Re-engineering
Re engineering is the fundamental rethinking and redesigning of business process to
achieve dramatic improvement in critical, contemporary measures of performance, such
as cost, quality, service and speed.
Question No: 49 ( Marks: 3 )
How virus and worms can be transmitted into computers? Identify any three
sources?
Answer:
Virus or worms are transmitted easily from the internet by downloading files to
computers web browsers. Other methods of infection occur from files received though
online services, computer bulletin board systems, local area networks. Viruses can be
placed in various programs, for instance
1. Free Software – software downloaded from the net
2. Pirated software – cheaper than original versions
3. Games software – wide appeal and high chances
4. Email attachments – quick to spread
5. Portable hard and flash drives – employees take disks home and may work on their
own personal PC, which have not been cleaned or have suitable anti-viruses installed on
them.
Question No: 50 ( Marks: 3 )
Identify components of Intrusion detection system ?
Answer
Sensors that are responsible for collecting data. The data can be in the form of network
packets, log files, system call, traces, etc.
Analyzers that receive input from sensors and determine intrusive activity
An administrative console – it contains intrusion definitions applied by the analyzers.
A user interface
Question No:51 ( Marks: 3 )
How the information is kept in the purchase system?
Answer
A simple example can be given of a purchase and sales system. In a typical purchase
system information related to purchase of materials is kept, for instance,
1. Orders for the purchase of various materials
2. Status of deliveries received against specific orders
3. Changes in the order quantity, time, day or other information
4. Quality inspection reports and whether they need to be communicated to the
supplier
5. Updated status report of stock
6. Issues made out of the stock
Question No: 52 ( Marks: 2)
What is information Quality Checklist?
Answer:
The information can also be ranked in accordance with the qualities it has in it. The
Experts have devised certain criteria to evaluate the quality of information. Those some
points which are used to evaluate the quality are known as quality checks.
Question No:53 ( Marks: 2 )
What are Active monitors? Define.
Answer:
Active monitors
This software serves the concurrent monitoring as the system is being used. They act as a
guard against viruses while the operating system is performing various functions e.g
connected to internet, transferring data
Question No: 53(Marks: 3)
Briefly describe Incremental Model.
Answer:
In incremental models, software is built not written. Software is constructed step by
step in the same way a building is constructed. The product is designed, implemented,
integrated and tested as a series of incremental builds, where a build consists of code
pieces from various modules interacting together to provide a specific functional
capability and testable as a whole.
Question No: 54(Marks: 5 )
List any five reasons that attract organizations to ERP?
Answer:
Reasons that attract organizations to ERP
1. Planning the operations
2. Integrated customer related information – order tracking with customer database,
inventory and shipment at different locations.
3. Standardized HR information – A company with multiple business units will require a
comprehensive and all-encompassing method of locating employees and communicating
with them.
4. Integrated financial information and analysis.
5. Monitoring the operations including those of sub-vendors and manufacturers
REMEMBERS ME IN YOUR PRAYERS

CS504 Software Engineering final term paper solve February 2011-2012

2012-02-03T03:55:00.000-08:00

CS504 Software Engineering - I - Virtual University of Pakistan Solved MCQs

shared by Umair Saulat

Client Server model tries to data and processing
Distribute
Merge
Clone
Proceed

Anti- Patterns is another concept that corresponds to common in analysis and design.
Mistake
Issues
Problems
All of the given

Three tier architecture contains layers

Presentation
Application
Database
All of the above

MVC stands for

Model View Controller
Modern View Center
Model View Center
Modern View Controller

Fat client model is one of the configurations of model

Data-Centered

Layered

Reference

Client Server

Description of communicating objects and classes that are customized to solved a general problem in a particular context is called

Design Pattern

System Patter

System Design

None of the Given

In the N-tire Architecture, the idea is to enhance scalability and by distributing both data and the application using multiple server machines.

Usability

Performance

Interpretability

None of the given

Thin Client model is one of the configurations of ….. model

Data Centered

Client Server

Layered

Reference

Dynamic process model shows the process ………….. of the system

Components

Objects

Structure

Linkage

It ensures that a class only has one instance and provides a global point of access to it.

Singleton Pattern

Observer Pattern

Real Pattern

None of the given

Question # 1 of 10 ( Start time: 06:15:15 PM ) Total Marks: 1

STL Stnads for ------------------

Standard Template Library

Standard Type Link

Standard Tempo Line

None of the given

Question # 2 of 10 ( Start time: 06:16:10 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Three tier architecture contains ------------- layers

Select correct option:

Presentation

Application

Database

All of the above

Question # 3 of 10 ( Start time: 06:17:05 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Which of following is/are among ten things,which the basic template of GOF design pattern includes.

Select correct option:

Problem

Context

Forces

All of the given

Question # 4 of 10 ( Start time: 06:18:40 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Vertical partitioning is also known as…..

Select correct option:

Balancing

Mutating

Parallelizing

Factoring

Question # 4 of 10 ( Start time: 06:18:40 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Vertical partitioning is also known as…..

Select correct option:

Balancing

Mutating

Parallelizing

Factoring

Question # 5 of 10 ( Start time: 06:20:06 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Patterns are devices that allow programs to share knowledge about their -------------.

Select correct option:

Code

Design

Analysis

None of the given

Question # 6 of 10 ( Start time: 06:22:07 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Client server model tries to …….data and processing.

Select correct option:

Distribute

Merge

Clone

Proceed

Question # 7 of 10 ( Start time: 06:23:24 PM ) Total Marks: 1

N-tier architecture stems from the struggle to find a ----------- between the fat-client architecture and the thin-client architecture.

Select correct option:

Concurrency

Distribution point

Middle ground

Similarity

Question # 8 of 10 ( Start time: 06:24:20 PM ) Total Marks: 1

Vertical partitioning divides the architecture application from a …… making perspective.

Decision

Design

Conclusion

Move

For subjective paper check this link

CS501 Advance Computer Architecture final term current solve paper february 2012

2012-02-03T03:37:00.000-08:00

FINALTERM EXAMINATION

CS501- Advance Computer Architecture (Session - 1)

Marks: 75

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which one of the following is the memory organization of SRC processor?

· 28 * 8 bits

· 216 * 8 bits

· 232 * 8 bits

264 * 8 bits

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Type A format of SRC uses -----------instructions

· two

· three

· four

· five

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The instruction ---------------will load

the register R3 with the contents of the memory

location M [PC+56]

· Add R3, 56

· lar R3, 56

· ldr R3, 56

· str R3, 56

Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which format of the instruction is called the accumulator?

3-address instructions
3-address instructions
2-address instructions
1-address instructions
0-address instructions

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which one of the following are the code size

and the Number of memory

bytes respectively for a 2-address instruction?

4 bytes, 7 bytes
7 bytes, 16 bytes
10 bytes, 19 bytes
13 bytes, 22 bytes

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which operator is used to name registers, or part of registers, in the Register

Transfer Language?

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The transmission of data in which each character is self-contained units with its

own start and stop bits is -----------

Asynchronous
Synchronous
Parallel
All of the given options

Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Circuitry that is used to move data is called -------------

Bus
Port
Disk
Memory

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which one of the following is NOT a technique used when the CPU wants to

exchange data with a peripheral device?

Direct Memory Access (DMA).
Interrupt driven I/O
Programmed I/O
Virtual Memory

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Every time you press a key, an interrupt is generated.

This is an example of

Hardware interrupt
Software interrupt
Exception
All of the given

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The interrupts which are pre-programmed and the processor automatically finds

the address of the ISR using interrupt vector table are

Maskable
Non-maskable
Non-vectored
Vectored

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which is the last instruction of the ISR that is to be executed when the ISR

terminates?

IRET
IRQ
INT
NMI

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

If NMI and INTR both interrupts occur simultaneously, then which one has the

precedence over the other

NMI
INTR
IRET
All of the given

Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Identify the following type of serial communication error condition:

The prior character that was received was not still read by the CPU and is

over written by a new received character.

Framing error
Parity error
Overrun error
Under-run error

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

----------the device usually means reading its status register every so often until

the device's status changes to indicate that it has completed the request.

Executing
Interrupting
Masking
Polling

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which I/O technique will be used by a sound card that may need to access data

stored in the computer's RAM?

Programmed I/O
Interrupt driven I/O
Direct memory access(DMA)
Polling

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

For increased and better performance we use _____ which are usually made of glass.

Coaxial Cables
Twisted Pair Cables
Fiber Optic Cables
Shielded Twisted Pair Cables

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In _____ if we find some call party busy we can have provision of call waiting.

Delay System
Loss System
Single Server Model
None of the given

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In ____ technique memory is divided into segments of variable sizes depending upon

the requirements.

Paging
Segmentation
Fragmentation
None of the given

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

For a request of data if the requested data is not present in the cache, it is called a _____

Cache Miss
Spatial Locality
Temporal Locality
Cache Hit

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

An entire _____ memory can be erased in one or a few seconds which is much faster

than EPROM.

PROM
Cache
EEPROM
Flash Memory

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

________chips have quartz windows and by applying ultraviolet light data can be

erased from them.

PROM
Flash Memory
EPROM
EEPROM

Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The _______signal coming from the CPU tells the memory that some interaction is

required between the CPU and memory.

REQUEST
COMPLETE

None of the given

Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

______ is a combination of arithmetic, logic and shifter unit along with some

multiplexers and control unit.

Barrel Rotator
Control Unit
Flip Flop
ALU

Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

1. In Multiple Interrupt Line, a number of interrupt lines are provided between the

____________________ module.

CPU and the I/O

CPU and Memory
Memory and I/O
None of the given

Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The data movement instructions ___________ data within the machine and to

or from input/output devices.

Store
Load
Move
None of given

Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

CRC has ------------ overhead as compared to Hamming code.

Equal
Greater
Lesser
None of the given

Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The ________ is w-bit wide and contains a data word, directly connected to the data

bus which is b-bit wide memory address register (MAR) .

Instruction Register(IR)
memory address register (MAR)
memory Buffer Register(MBR)
Program counter (PC)

Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In_______technique, a particular block of data from main memory can be placed in

only one location into the cache memory .

Set Associative Mapping
Direct Mapping
Associative Mapping
Block Placement

Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

_______ indicate the availability of page in main memory.

Access Control Bits
Used Bits
Presence Bits

None of the given

for full solve paper click on this link

CS201- Introduction to Programming FINALTERM current EXAMINATION February 2012

2012-02-03T02:21:00.000-08:00

FINALTERM EXAMINATION

Fall 2008

CS201- Introduction to Programming

Time: 120 min Marks: 75

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

There are mainly -------------------- types of software

► Two

► Three

► Four

► Five

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

seekg() and write() are functionally _________________ .

► Different

► Identical

► Two names of same function

► None of the above

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

When a pointer is incremented, it actually jumps the number of memory addresses

► According to data type

► 1 byte exactly

► 1 bit exactly

► A pointer variable can not be incremented

Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

setw is a parameterized manipulator.

► True

► False

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

eof( ), bad( ), good( ), clear( ) all are manipulators.

► True

► False

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

In functions that return reference, use __________variables.

► Local

► Global

► Global or static

► None of the given option

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The declarator of Plus (+) member operator function is

► Class-Name operator + (Class-Name rhs)

► operator Class-Name + ( )

► operator Class-Name + ( rhs)

► Class-Name operator + ( )

Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The compiler does not provide a copy constructor if we do not provide it.

► True

► False

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

What is the functionality of the following syntax to delete an array of 5 objects named arr allocated using new operator?

delete arr ;

► Deletes all the objects of array

► Deletes one object of array

► Do not delete any object

► Results into syntax error

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

What is the sequence of event(s) when allocating memory using new operator?

► Only block of memory is allocated for objects

► Only constructor is called for objects

► Memory is allocated first before calling constructor

► Constructor is called first before allocating memory

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

What is the sequence of event(s) when deallocating memory using delete operator?

► Only block of memory is deallocated for objects

► Only destructor is called for objects

► Memory is deallocated first before calling destructor

► Destructor is called first before deallocating memory

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

new and delete operators cannot be overloaded as member functions.

► True

► False

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The operator function of << and >> operators are always the member function of a class.

► True

► False

Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

A template function must have at least ---------- generic data type

► Zero

► One

► Two

► Three

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

If we do not mention any return_value_type with a function, it will return an _____ value.

► int

► void

► double

► float

Such function which do not return any value are called:

► int

► void

► double

► float

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Suppose a program contains an array declared as int arr[100]; what will be the size of array?

► 0

► 99

► 100

► 101

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The name of an array represents address of first location of array element.

► True

► False

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Reusing the variables in program helps to save the memory

► True

► False

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following option is true about new operator to dynamically allocate memory to an object?

► The new operator determines the size of an object

► Allocates memory to object and returns pointer of valid type

► Creates an object and calls the constructor to initialize the object

► All of the given options

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

new and delete are _____ whereas malloc and free are _____.

► Functions, operators

► Classes, operators

► Operators, functions

► Operators, classes

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Like member functions, ______ can also access the private data members of a class.

► Non-member functions

► Friend functions

► Any function outside class

► None of the given options

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which of the following statement is best regarding declaration of friend function?

► Friend function must be declared after public keyword.

► Friend function must be declared after private keyword.

► Friend function must be declared at the top within class definition.

► It can be declared anywhere in class as these are not affected by the public and private keywords.

Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The operator function overloaded for an Assignment operator (=) must be

► Non-member function of class

► Member function of class

► Friend function of class

► None of the given options

Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

For non-member operator function, object on left side of the operator may be

► Object of operator class

► Object of different class

► Built-in data type

► All of the given options

Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The operator function will be implemented as _____, if obj1 drive the - operator whereas obj2 is passed as arguments to - operator in the statement given below.

obj3 = obj1 - obj2;

► Member function

► Non-member function

► Friend function

► None of the given options

Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Which one of the following is the declaration of overloaded pre-increment operator implemented as member function?

► Class-name operator +() ;

► Class-name operator +(int) ;

► Class-name operator ++() ;

► Class-name operator ++(int) ;

Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

The static data members of a class are initialized _______

► at file scope

► within class definition

► within member function

► within main function

Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Class is a user defined___________.

► data type

► memory referee

► value

► none of the given options.

Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

We can also define a user-defines manipulators.

► True

► False

Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one

Automatic variable are created on ________.

► Heap

► Free store

► static storage

► stack

Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 )

How do we provide the default values of function parameters?

Answer: The default value of a parameter is provided inside the function prototype or function definition. For example, we could declare the default function arguments for a function while declaring or defining it.

Question No: 32 ( Marks: 1 )

Why do java consider pointer as dangerous

Answer:

The concept of pointers is very important but quite limited to C and C++. The modern languages, for example JAVA, describe pointers as dangerous. We can go anywhere in the memory and can change a value. There is another problem with pointers, which is that these could be pointing to nowhere.

Question No: 33 ( Marks: 2 )

What is memory leak?

Answer: size. When there is no memory on heap, the computer will stop running and there may be a system crash. This situation is called a memory leak.

Question No: 34 ( Marks: 2 )

What does optimization the of code means?

Answer:

Header file is a nice mechanism to put function prototypes and define constants (global constants) in a single file. That file can be included simply with a single line of code.

Question No: 35 ( Marks: 3 )

What is the difference between structure and class?
Answer:

In structures, some data variables are gathered, grouped and named as a single entity. Class and structure are very closely related. In classes, we group some data variables and functions. These functions normally manipulate these variables. Before going ahead, it is better to understand what a class is: “A class includes both data members as well as functions to manipulate that data”

Question No: 36 ( Marks: 3 )

See the following code segment.

template

class myclass {

private:

T x;

public:

myclass (T a) {

x = a;

}

};

Write the main function which creates two objects of class for int and double data types.

Question No: 37 ( Marks: 3 )

Is it possible to define two functions as given below? Justify your answer.

func(int x, int y)

func(int &x, int &y)

Solution:

No, it is impossible to define two functions as in the main function the way to call both functions is same. How does the compiler know that which functions is being called? There is no way for the compiler to find out. Therefore there is an ambiguity and that is not allowed. The only thing to realize is the side effect. Side effects are critical to take care of whenever you are doing call by reference.

Question No: 38 ( Marks: 5 )

Write a program using getline() member function to inputs a string up to delimiter character comma (,) and then display the string on the screen.

Question No: 39 ( Marks: 5 )

Do you think that friend functions violate encapsulation? Justify your answer.

Answer:

The friend functions of a class have access to the private data members of class. Despite being a good thing, there is possibility of vulnerability. We are opening our thoughts, inside view for somebody else. Without having 100% trust, it will be risky to make our thoughts and feelings public. We want that our private data is accessible to someone outside, not public for everybody. Otherwise, the data encapsulation and data-hiding concept will be violated. We keep the data members private and declare some specific functions that are not member of the class but friend of the class. As friends, they have access to the inside data structure of the class despite not being members.

Question No: 40 (Marks: 10 )

Write a simple program using the get() member function of cin object reading a text of 30 characters from the keyboard, store them in an array and then using put() member function of cout object to display them on the screen.

Question No: 41 (Marks: 10 )

Write a small program which defines two user-defined manipulators named octal and hexadecimal. These manipulators should display the decimal numbers into octal and hexadecimal.

In the main function, input a decimal number from the user and then display this decimal number into octal and hexadecimal using user-define manipulators named octal and hexadecimal.